Perioperative prostate specific antigen levels among coronary artery bypass grafting patients: does extracorporeal circulation and body temperature induce prostate specific antigen levels alterations?

The purpose of this study is to compare the perioperative total prostate specific antigen [tPSA] levels among coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] patients with and without extracorporeal circulation [ECC], to investigate the changes overtime of tPSA in each group separately and to determine the effect of body core temperature on tPSA levels.A prospective study was conducted. Our sample was allocated to: [a] Seven patients who underwent off pump CABG [Group I] and [b] 16 CABG patients with ECC [Group II]. The levels of tPSA were measured preoperatively [baseline], intra-operatively and at the 4[th] postoperative day. We compared the two groups on their tPSA levels and we investigated the changes of tPSA overtime in each group separately. Intra-operative serum samples were obtained in significantly lower body temperature in patients of Group II than in those of Group I [31°C vs. 36.9°C, P < 0.001]. In each group separately, postoperative tPSA levels were increased significantly compared to the baseline values [2.55 ng/ml vs. 0.39 ng/ml for Group I, P= 0.005 and 4.36 ng/ml vs. 0.77 for Group II, P < 0.001]. CABG patients with ECC had significantly lower intra-operative tPSA levels than the baseline values [0.67 ng/ml vs. 0.77 ng/ml, P = 0.008]. We did not observe significant differences of tPSA levels between the two groups.CABG surgery affects similarly the perioperative tPSA independently the involvement of ECC. Although all patients had significantly higher early postoperative tPSA levels, only those who underwent CABG with ECC had exceeded normal values and significantly decreased intra-operative tPSA. Hypothermia seems to be the causal factor of tPSA reduction

Evidence of increased chromosomal instability in infertile males after exposure to mitomycin C and caffeine / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To evaluate the genetic instability of 11 fertile and 25 infertile men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The methodology of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was applied to cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and the levels of SCEss were analyzed as a quantitative index of genotoxicity, along with the values of the mitotic index (MI) and the proliferation rate index (PRI) as qualitative indices of cytotoxicity and cytostaticity, respectively. The genotoxic and antineoplastic agent, mitomycin C (MMC), and caffeine (CAF)--both well-known inhibitors of DNA repair mechanism--were used in an attempt to induce chromosomal instability in infertile men, so as to more easily detect the probable underlying damage on DNA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Our experiments illustrated that infertile men, compared with fertile ones, demonstrated a statistically significant DNA instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes after being exposed simultaneously to MMC and CAF.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The current study showed vividly that there was genetic instability in infertile men which probably contributes to the development of an impaired reproductive capacity.</p>